ROLES
OF ENGINEERS
Role of Computer engineers:
Scientist
discover the world that exists, engineers create the world that never was-
Theodore Von
Software
comprises of –
-
Instructions, or programmes,
-
Data structures- programs to adequately store
and manipulate information
-
Documentation- describing operations and
use of programs
Software
products –
1) Generic
products- stand alone systems, PC software, graphics related programs, softwares
for markets etc.
2) Customized
products- embedded control systems- air traffic control softwares etc
Importance-
1) Developing
nations depend on – many systems that are under soft ware control (Medicines to
movies) and software if contributing to GNP in all the developed countries.
2) Cost
effective softwares are being developed by software engineers
3) Features - It does not ware our
-
Can be customized
-
Reusage can be done
Applications-
1) System
software- compilers, editors
2) Application
software- stand alone programs file management
3) Engineering/
scientific software- uses number crunching algorithms- automotive stress
analysis, obligatory dynamos etc.
4) Embedded
softwares- microovens, dash board displaying
5) Product
line softwares- DBMA, graphics
6) Webapps
Computer engineer: A computer engineer, also
called a software engineer, is responsible for developing, testing and
evaluating the software that make our computers work. They may help in the
development of new computer games and business applications, or even in the
design of entirely new operating systems. A computer engineer may also be
responsible for constructing and managing an organization's computer system and
supplying technical support. A computer engineer typically works in an office
or laboratory environment as part of a team and enjoys a traditional work
schedule.
Computer
Engineer:
A computer engineer has an important job in the world of
technology. The basic definition of a computer engineer is one who researches,
plans and develops computer operating systems. Computer engineers come in a
variety of types as one who is a computer engineer can work with general
computer use or deal with computer usage which goes along with a specific job
position, such as military, industrial or medical, to name just a few.
General Responsibilities of a Computer Engineer
There are a few general responsibilities which a computer
engineer must undertake in their job position. The computer engineer must
research information regarding computer operating systems, review current
operating systems, make changes to systems and even may develop operating systems
of this type. The computer engineer will use his/her knowledge in the fields of
computer science, math and engineering to ensure that they carry out their
daily job tasks to the best of their ability.
Specific Duties of a Computer Engineer
A computer engineer has many specific duties relative to
his/her job. One such duty is that the computer engineer must perform research
regarding the computer operating systems. This relates not only to the current
operating systems which the computer engineer works with but new concepts as
well. The computer engineer will perform a wide array of research in relation
to operating systems as a whole.
Another specific duty of a computer engineer is to maintain
current operating systems within their job field. This entails checking the
systems periodically to ensure that they are working correctly, monitoring
their work consistency and fixing any problems that may arise in conjunction
with the operating systems.
The computer engineer is also responsible for maintaining contact
with a large number of individuals. Pertinent people include customers, project
managers and other company employees. The contact is important as it keeps
everyone in the loop with regard to the various operating systems and provides
the computer engineer with feedback, whether it be of the good or bad variety.
Some computer engineers may also be supervisors in their
field of work. Those who supervise others may be responsible for monitoring the
work habits of subordinates, solving problems which may arise, preparing
schedules and ensuring that the employees get paid as they are entitled.
Computer engineers may also have quite a bit of administrative duties to tend to during the course of their work. Reports, graphs, charts and evaluations may need to be prepared throughout the daily job routines. These will track the progress of computer operating systems as well as detail any issues which have come about as a result of a particular operation system or systems.
Those who fill the role of computer engineer may find themselves given the responsibility of developing programs for the particular operating systems with which they work. These programs may be basic operating programs or more detailed computer programs.
Computer engineers may also have quite a bit of administrative duties to tend to during the course of their work. Reports, graphs, charts and evaluations may need to be prepared throughout the daily job routines. These will track the progress of computer operating systems as well as detail any issues which have come about as a result of a particular operation system or systems.
Those who fill the role of computer engineer may find themselves given the responsibility of developing programs for the particular operating systems with which they work. These programs may be basic operating programs or more detailed computer programs.
Soft ware engineering is considered
as a layered technology divided into 4 layers:-
1. A quality Process :-
1. A quality Process :-
-Any engineering approach must rest
on an quality.
- The "Bed Rock" that supports software
Engineering is Quality Focus.
2. Process
:-
Foundation for SE is the Process
Layer
SE process is the GLUE that
holds all the technology layers together and enables the timely development of
computer software.
It forms the base for management
control of software project.
3. Methods
:-
SE methods provide the
"Technical Questions" for building Software.
Methods contain a broad array of
tasks that include communication requirement analysis, design modeling, program
construction testing and support.
4. Tools
:-
SE tools provide automated or
semi-automated support for the "Process" and the "Methods".
Tools are integrated so
that information created by one tool can be used by another
Developing software includes
the following-
-
Communication\planning
-
Modeling
-
Construction
-
Deployment- delivery
to customers
Umbrella activities-
apart from the above soft ware engineers have the following activities in
industry
-
Software project
tracking and control
-
Risk management
-
Software quality assurance
-
Technical review
-
Measurement
Real life
applications- in our personal life
-
Insulin personal pump
-
Mental health care
-
Patient management
-
weather forecasting
-
all sms alerts
Role of Chemical Engineers:
Chemical engineers translate processes developed in the lab
into practical applications for the commercial production of products and then
work to maintain and improve those processes. They rely on the main
foundations of engineering: math, physics, and chemistry (though biology is
playing an increasing role). The main role of chemical engineers is to design
and troubleshoot processes for the production of chemicals, fuels, foods,
pharmaceuticals, and biologicals, just to name a few. They are most often
employed by large-scale manufacturing plants to maximize productivity and
product quality while minimizing costs.
The aerospace, automotive, biomedical, electronic,
environmental, medical, and military industries seek the skills of chemical
engineers in order to help develop and improve their technical products, such
as:
·
Ultra
strong fibers, fabrics, and adhesives for vehicles
·
Biocompatible
materials for implants and prosthetics
·
Films
for optoelectronic devices
Chemical engineers work in almost
every industry and affect the production of almost every article manufactured
on an industrial scale. Some typical tasks include:
·
Ensuring
compliance with health, safety, and environmental regulations
·
Conducting
research into improved manufacturing processes
·
Designing
and planning equipment layout
·
Incorporating
safety procedures for working with dangerous chemicals
·
Monitoring
and optimizing the performance of production processes
·
Estimating
production costs
Role of Mechanical Engineers:
Mechanical engineers provide efficient solutions to the
development of processes and products, ranging from small component designs to
extremely large plant, machinery or vehicles. They can work on all stages of a
product, from research and development to design and manufacture, through to
installation and final commissioning. Most industries rely on a form of
mechanical systems and mechanical engineering is thought to be one of the most
diverse of all engineering disciplines.
Mechanical
engineering is the broadest of all engineering fields, the job prospects on
offer for skilled mechanical engineers are aplenty and unending. Mechanical
engineers are required to design, test, manufacture, install, operate and
maintain a wide array of machines and mechanical systems that are used in
countless industries.
They
have to deal with concepts such as mechanics, thermodynamics, robotics,
kinematics, structural analysis, fluid mechanics and many others. These
concepts are applied in the process of designing state-of-the-art manufacturing
units, different types of motor vehicles, aircraft and aerospace parts and a
vast assortment of industrial machinery. Mechanical engineers also contribute
in the development of various engines, power plant equipment, heating and
cooling systems and other simple and complex machinery. Mechanical engineers
not only design new mechanical systems but they are also responsible for
testing, maintaining and manufacturing them.
Due to this, there are employment opportunities in a wide
range of sectors, including:
- manufacturing;
- power;
- construction;
- medical.
Mechanical engineers can be involved in the management of
people and resources, as well as the development and use of new materials and
technologies.
Responsibilities
Projects that mechanical engineers work on can vary
significantly, from researching and developing medical products (such as
mechanical hearts), to improving production processes in large oil refineries
or designing services within buildings.
Across all sectors, tasks generally include:
- designing and implementing
cost-effective equipment modifications to help improve safety and
reliability;
- developing a project
specification with colleagues, often including those from other
engineering disciplines;
- developing, testing and
evaluating theoretical designs;
- discussing and solving complex
problems with manufacturing departments, sub-contractors, suppliers and
customers;
- making sure a product can be
made reliably and will perform consistently in specified operating
environments;
- managing projects using
engineering principles and techniques;
- planning and designing new
production processes;
- producing details of
specifications and outline designs;
- recommending modifications
following prototype test results;
- using research, analytical,
conceptual and planning skills, particularly mathematical modelling and
computer-aided design;
- considering the implications of
issues such as cost, safety and time constraints;
- working with other
professionals, within and outside the engineering sector;
- monitoring and commissioning
plant and systems.
Social
Responsibilities of Engineers:
- Keeping public safety in view
- Have to keep in mind the impact
of their works on citizens
- Should strive for development of designs
- Ensure that society funds are not
miss used
- Whistle blowing on illegality
- Not revealing anything on a
proposed project
- contributing services to
non-profit groups and projects
- Educating future engineers
- One must keep in mind principles
of sustainable development.
Role
of Engineers in India
Engineering is application of
science to the common purpose of life
-
Engineering is an art- as indicate in
the works of Great wall of china and pyramids..etc.
-
Engineering is an approximation- it
includes art of arriving at good solution
-
Engineering is measurement, estimation,
forecast and projection as in earth quakes, noise, river floods, pollution etc.
-
Engineering in modeling and simulation
-
Engineering in communication, technical
report writing, making presentationsand producing manuals.
-
Engineering in finance
-
Engineering in Space exploration
-
Engineering in agricultural
mechanization
-
Engineering in electronics
-
Engineering in invention and design
processes.
Greatest
achievements of engineering of 20th century:
1.
Nuclear technologies
2. Laser
and fiber optics
3. Petroleum
and gas technologies
4. Health
technologies
5. Imaging
technologies
6. Space
exploration
7. Agricultural
mechanization
8. Electronics
9. Aeronautics
10. Automobiles
11. Electrification
12.
Training and advancement
Benefits of being professional
engineers:
1)
Job satisfaction
2) Variety
of career opportunities
3) Challenging
works
4) Intellectual
development
5) Benefits
of society
6) Financial
security
7) Prestige
8) Professional
environment
9) Technological
and scientific discovery
10)
Creative thinking
Role
of Engineers in the World
-
There is an escalation in increase in
world population and this has led to wide variation in financial status in the
society. Slums have come up. Poverty has increased over the past few decades
and engineers are supposed to meet the basic needs of the poor. Engineering is
not just to serve rich but create basic needs for the poor at minimal cost.
-
21st century requires
following approaches
-
Shift from controlling nature to
participating with nature
-
Awareness of ecosystems, preservation and
restoration
-
Embraces concepts of sustainable
development
-
Graduates have to make decisions on real world problems which include
-
Socio-geo- political environment
-
Global warming
-
loss of biological and cultural diversity
-
Must address problems of society
- drinking water, sanitation, infra structure,
food production, communication, renewable energies.
-
Engineers must address problems critical and complex issues like,
refugees, displaced people, increased population and increase in natural
hazards
- Earth systems engineering
It
encourages use of holistic and systematic tools to address interaction between
atmosphere, natural and cultural systems.
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